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Often an electronic timer can be built into the charger, although many basic chargers do not have this facility built in. Timer charging: Using time to determine the end of charge is the easiest method to use.Within the boundary of constant current charging, there are several techniques that can be adopted to prevent overcharge. The rate of charge is normally specified on the case of the cell and this rate should not be exceeded. The NiMH cells, like NiCds require charging using a constant current. Unfortunately charging NiMH nickel metal hydride batteries is not as easy to achieve compared to other types of cell or battery. There are a number of charging methods that can be used with nickel metal hydride batteries. This means that initially there is little temperature rise, but later as the charge level rises, the efficiency drops and heat is generated, raining the temperature of the cell.
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It is interesting to note that the charging efficiency of nickel-based batteries of all forms is close to 100% up to about 70% of the full charge. A further complication is that the characteristics of NiMH cells vary significantly from one manufacturer to the next making charge performance more difficult to detect. As a result the temperature of the cells is also detected as well, because once fully charged the cell dissipates much of the additional charge as heat. However for NiMH cells this increase is very much smaller, making it more difficult to detect. Many intelligent chargers for NiCds sense a small but distinct "bump" in the output voltage when a NiCad is fully charged. This presents a significant challenge to battery charger designers.
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However it is very intolerant of overcharging, suffering a reduced capacity if this occurs. It follows a very similar discharge curve to that of the NiCad allowing for the extra charge it can take. In operation the NiMH cell has many similar characteristics to the more familiar NiCd. This means that chargers need to be careful designed to ensure that overcharging does not occur, and users also need to be a little more careful as well. Overcharging leads to overheating and damage to the cell resulting in loss of capacity and nickel metal hydride cells are more sensitive to this than NiCds.
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Knowing how to charge them correctly will ensure a much level of performance and a longer life.Ĭharging NiMH cells is a little more difficult than their NiCd predecessors because the voltage peak and subsequent fall that was used to detect full charge is very much smaller on NiMH batteries and cells. Nickel Metal Hydride, NiMH Battery includes: NiMH charging NiMH self-dischargeĬharging NiMH cells and batteries in the right manner is key to maintaining their performance.
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NiMH Battery Charging: how to charge them Nickel Metal Hydride batteries and cells require charging in the right manner to ensure a long life - charging rates, overcharge, charging manner are all important.īattery technology overview Battery definitions & terms NiCad NiMH Li-ion Lead acid